Topology and the Tangle: How the Underlying Network Topology Influences the Confirmation of Blocks in IOTA

We present an agent-based model of the IOTA system to provide an estimate of block finality on the Tangle. Our simulation framework is based on the Gillespie agent-based model. Our approach provides insights into the behavior of the IOTA system and can be used to explore different scenarios and test potential improvements. The results of our simulation show that the finality and confirmation time of blocks on the Tangle are affected by the underlying topology of the peer-to-peer network. Depending on the topology, the blocks of higher Mana nodes may have an advantage in gaining approval weight.